Side-by-Side Comparison
Food Additives & E-Numbers
E140: Chlorophyll & Chlorophyllins (Green Color) vs. E150d: Sulfite Ammonia Caramel (Class IV Caramel)
Comparing 2 standards across 10 specifications. 10 key differences identified.
Comparing:
E140: Chlorophyll & Chlorophyllins (Green Color)
E150d: Sulfite Ammonia Caramel (Class IV Caramel)
E140 (Chlorophyll) is the natural magnesium-porphyrin green pigment extracted from grass, alfalfa, and nettles. INS 140(i), ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), utilized to restore vibrant botanical green color to confectionery, oils, and pasta.
E150d (Class IV Caramel) is prepared by heating carbohydrates with both sulfite and ammonium compounds, creating an intensely dark, negatively charged colloid. INS 150d, group ADI is 300 mg/kg bw/day, the global color standard in cola soft drinks.
Specification Comparison Table
10 Parameters| Parameter / Spec | ||
|---|---|---|
|
E-Number Code
|
E140 | E150d |
|
INS / Codex Number
|
INS 140(i) | INS 150d |
|
Functional Class
|
Food Color (Green) | Food Color (Deep Brown / Black) |
|
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
|
Not Limited (Quantum Satis) | 300 mg / kg body weight per day (Group ADI for caramel colors) |
|
Primary Mechanism
|
Light absorption in red (660nm) and blue (430nm) spectra, reflecting vibrant botanical green | High tinctorial power melanoidin polymers soluble and stable in carbonated phosphoric acid matrix |
|
Common Target Foods
|
Pesto, spinach pasta, mint confectionery, olive oil blends, liqueurs | Cola soft drinks, dark beers/stouts, gravies, pet foods, soy sauce |
|
Dietary Compliance
|
100% Vegan (Plant solvent extraction), Halal, Kosher | Vegan (Sugar/syrup base), Halal, Kosher |
|
Safety Approval
|
EFSA Authorized / FDA 21 CFR 73.125 | EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (Strictly controlled 4-MEI limits) |
|
Chemical Formula
|
C55H72MgN4O5 (Chlorophyll a) | — |
|
Isoelectric Point & Charge
|
— | Strong negative colloidal charge (pH 0.5–2.0) preventing precipitation in acid sodas |
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