Side-by-Side Comparison
Food Additives & E-Numbers
E414: Gum Arabic (Acacia Gum Emulsifier) vs. E965: Maltitol (Sugar Alcohol / 90% Sweetness)
Comparing 2 standards across 12 specifications. 12 key differences identified.
Comparing:
E414: Gum Arabic (Acacia Gum Emulsifier)
E965: Maltitol (Sugar Alcohol / 90% Sweetness)
E414 (Gum Arabic / Acacia Gum) is a complex arabinogalactan-protein glycoprotein exudate harvested from Acacia senegal trees. INS 414, ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), the premier film-forming emulsifier for citrus beverage flavor oils.
E965 (Maltitol) is a disaccharide polyol sugar alcohol produced by hydrogenation of maltose derived from cornstarch. INS 965(i), ADI is Not Specified (Excessive consumption may have laxative effect), delivering 90% the sweetness of sugar with 2.1 kcal/g.
Specification Comparison Table
12 Parameters| Parameter / Spec | ||
|---|---|---|
|
E-Number Code
|
E414 | E965 |
|
INS / Codex Number
|
INS 414 | INS 965(i) (Powder) / 965(ii) (Syrup) |
|
Functional Class
|
Emulsifier, Stabilizer, Encapsulating Agent, Prebiotic Fiber | Bulk Sweetener, Humectant, Texturizer |
|
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
|
Not Limited (Quantum Satis) | Not Specified (Quantum Satis / Laxative warning required) |
|
Common Target Foods
|
Citrus soft drinks (Suspends essential oils), gummy candies, confectionery pan coatings, flavor spray drying | Sugar-free chocolates, sugar-free gummy bears, baked bars, chewing gum |
|
Dietary Compliance
|
100% Vegan (Wild Acacia tree gum), Halal, Kosher | Vegan (Cornstarch origin), Halal, Kosher, Non-cariogenic |
|
Safety Approval
|
EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1330) | EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1444) |
|
Chemical Structure
|
Arabinogalactan core covalently linked to hydroxyproline-rich peptide chains (~2% protein) | — |
|
Primary Mechanism
|
Amphiphilic glycoprotein anchors hydrophobic oil droplets while polysaccharide branches project into water, preventing coalescence | — |
|
Relative Sweetness Index
|
— | 90% Sucrose |
|
Caloric Value
|
— | 2.1 kcal / g (47% fewer calories than sugar) kcal/g |
|
Glycemic Index (GI)
|
— | 35 (Maltitol powder) / 52 (Maltitol syrup) |
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