Side-by-Side Comparison
Food Additives & E-Numbers
E414: Gum Arabic (Acacia Gum Emulsifier) vs. E471: Mono- & Diglycerides of Fatty Acids (Bread Softener)
Comparing 2 standards across 10 specifications. 9 key differences identified.
Comparing:
E414: Gum Arabic (Acacia Gum Emulsifier)
E471: Mono- & Diglycerides of Fatty Acids (Bread Softener)
E414 (Gum Arabic / Acacia Gum) is a complex arabinogalactan-protein glycoprotein exudate harvested from Acacia senegal trees. INS 414, ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), the premier film-forming emulsifier for citrus beverage flavor oils.
E471 is an authorized food emulsifier composed of glycerol esterified with one or two fatty acid chains (glycerol monostearate / monooleate). INS 471, ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), globally recognized as the ultimate crumb softener and amylose complexing agent in bakery.
Specification Comparison Table
10 Parameters| Parameter / Spec | ||
|---|---|---|
|
E-Number Code
|
E414 | E471 |
|
INS / Codex Number
|
INS 414 | INS 471 |
|
Functional Class
|
Emulsifier, Stabilizer, Encapsulating Agent, Prebiotic Fiber | Emulsifier, Anti-Staling Agent, Crumb Softener, Defoamer |
|
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
|
Not Limited (Quantum Satis) | Not Limited (Quantum Satis) |
|
Primary Mechanism
|
Amphiphilic glycoprotein anchors hydrophobic oil droplets while polysaccharide branches project into water, preventing coalescence | Fatty acid chain complexes into helical starch amylose cavity, preventing retrogradation staling |
|
Common Target Foods
|
Citrus soft drinks (Suspends essential oils), gummy candies, confectionery pan coatings, flavor spray drying | Sliced sandwich bread, margarines, ice creams, peanut butter (Prevents oil separation), cake mixes |
|
Dietary Compliance
|
100% Vegan (Wild Acacia tree gum), Halal, Kosher | Vegan (When derived from palm/sunflower oil; animal fat variants must be labeled) |
|
Safety Approval
|
EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1330) | EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1505) |
|
Chemical Structure
|
Arabinogalactan core covalently linked to hydroxyproline-rich peptide chains (~2% protein) | — |
|
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB)
|
— | 3.5 – 4.5 (Lipophilic water-in-oil emulsifier) |
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