Side-by-Side Comparison
Food Additives & E-Numbers
E440: Pectin (Citrus & Apple Jam Gelling Fiber) vs. E501: Potassium Carbonate (Potash / Alkaline Noodle Salt)
Comparing 2 standards across 10 specifications. 9 key differences identified.
Comparing:
E440: Pectin (Citrus & Apple Jam Gelling Fiber)
E501: Potassium Carbonate (Potash / Alkaline Noodle Salt)
E440 (Pectin) is a complex heteropolysaccharide rich in alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid extracted from citrus peels and apple pomace. INS 440, ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), the global gold standard gelling agent for jams, jellies, and fruit spreads.
E501 (Potassium Carbonates / K2CO3) is an inorganic alkaline mineral salt. INS 501(i), ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), used as the key 'Kansui' alkaline agent in Japanese ramen noodles and in the Dutch processing of cocoa powder.
Specification Comparison Table
10 Parameters| Parameter / Spec | ||
|---|---|---|
|
E-Number Code
|
E440 | E501 |
|
INS / Codex Number
|
INS 440(i) / 440(ii) | INS 501(i) (Potassium Carbonate) |
|
Functional Class
|
Gelling Agent, Thickener, Stabilizer, Soluble Fiber | Acidity Regulator, Alkaline Leavening, Kansui Salt |
|
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
|
Not Limited (Quantum Satis) | Not Limited (Quantum Satis) |
|
Primary Mechanism
|
HM forms junction zones with sugar (Brix > 55%) + acid (pH < 3.5); LM gels with calcium ions (Ca2+) | Alkalinizes noodle dough (pH 9–11), tightening glutenin network and converting flavonoid pigments yellow |
|
Common Target Foods
|
Fruit jams, marmalades, gummy confectionery, fruit preparations for yogurt, glazes | Ramen noodles (Kansui), Dutch-process alkalized cocoa powder, gingerbread leavening |
|
Dietary Compliance
|
100% Vegan (Citrus peel/apple extraction), Halal, Kosher | Vegan (Mineral salt), Halal, Kosher |
|
Safety Approval
|
EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1588) | EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1619) |
|
Primary Classes
|
High Methoxyl Pectin (HM, DE > 50%), Low Methoxyl Pectin (LM, DE < 50%) | — |
|
Chemical Formula
|
— | K2CO3 |
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