Side-by-Side Comparison
Food Additives & E-Numbers
E100: Curcumin (Turmeric Yellow Color) vs. E440: Pectin (Citrus & Apple Jam Gelling Fiber)
Comparing 2 standards across 10 specifications. 10 key differences identified.
Comparing:
E100: Curcumin (Turmeric Yellow Color)
E440: Pectin (Citrus & Apple Jam Gelling Fiber)
E100 (Curcumin) is a natural diarylheptanoid yellow pigment extracted from the rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa). INS 100(i), ADI is 3 mg/kg bw/day, providing bright yellow-orange coloration in mustard, cheese, and curry powders.
E440 (Pectin) is a complex heteropolysaccharide rich in alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid extracted from citrus peels and apple pomace. INS 440, ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), the global gold standard gelling agent for jams, jellies, and fruit spreads.
Specification Comparison Table
10 Parameters| Parameter / Spec | ||
|---|---|---|
|
E-Number Code
|
E100 | E440 |
|
INS / Codex Number
|
INS 100(i) | INS 440(i) / 440(ii) |
|
Functional Class
|
Food Color (Yellow-Orange) | Gelling Agent, Thickener, Stabilizer, Soluble Fiber |
|
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
|
3 mg / kg body weight per day | Not Limited (Quantum Satis) |
|
Primary Mechanism
|
Light absorption at 420–430nm producing vibrant golden-yellow hue; polyphenol antioxidant activity | HM forms junction zones with sugar (Brix > 55%) + acid (pH < 3.5); LM gels with calcium ions (Ca2+) |
|
Common Target Foods
|
Prepared mustard, curry seasonings, margarine, cheese rinds, confectionery | Fruit jams, marmalades, gummy confectionery, fruit preparations for yogurt, glazes |
|
Dietary Compliance
|
100% Vegan (Turmeric root extraction), Halal, Kosher Certified | 100% Vegan (Citrus peel/apple extraction), Halal, Kosher |
|
Safety Approval
|
EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 73.600) | EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1588) |
|
Chemical Formula
|
C21H20O6 | — |
|
Primary Classes
|
— | High Methoxyl Pectin (HM, DE > 50%), Low Methoxyl Pectin (LM, DE < 50%) |
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