E100: Curcumin (Turmeric Yellow Color)

Direct Answer

E100 (Curcumin) is a natural diarylheptanoid yellow pigment extracted from the rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa). INS 100(i), ADI is 3 mg/kg bw/day, providing bright yellow-orange coloration in mustard, cheese, and curry powders.

Source: JECFA / EFSA ANS Panel (2010) · Last reviewed Aug 28, 2026

Specs

E-Number Code	E100
INS / Codex Number	INS 100(i)
Functional Class	Food Color (Yellow-Orange)
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)	3 mg / kg body weight per day
Chemical Formula	C21H20O6
Primary Mechanism	Light absorption at 420–430nm producing vibrant golden-yellow hue; polyphenol antioxidant activity
Common Target Foods	Prepared mustard, curry seasonings, margarine, cheese rinds, confectionery
Dietary Compliance	100% Vegan (Turmeric root extraction), Halal, Kosher Certified
Safety Approval	EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 73.600)

Solubility & pH Sensitivity

Curcumin is lipophilic and insoluble in water at acidic/neutral pH, requiring emulsifiers (like polysorbates or lecithin) for water-phase beverage clarity. Turns deep red-brown at pH > 8.5.