# item.guide
Side-by-Side Comparison Smart Cards & RFID

EM4100 & T5577 vs. ISO/IEC 14443

Comparing 2 standards across 12 specifications. 12 key differences identified.

Comparing:
EM4100 & T5577
ISO/IEC 14443

EM4100 and T5577 represent the foundational low-frequency (LF, 125 kHz) RFID transponder ecosystem. The EM4100 (EM-Marin) is a factory-programmed, 64-bit read-only identity chip, while the Atmel/Microchip T5577 is a rewritable EEPROM transponder used to emulate and clone various 125 kHz LF protocols.

View full EM4100 & T5577 spec sheet →

ISO/IEC 14443 is the international standard governing contactless Proximity Integrated Circuit Cards (PICC) and Proximity Coupling Devices (PCD) operating at 13.56 MHz over distances up to 10 cm. It defines two distinct physical and framing architectures—Type A and Type B—and forms the foundation of EMV contactless payment cards and ICAO biometric ePassports.

View full ISO/IEC 14443 spec sheet →

Specification Comparison Table

12 Parameters
Parameter / Spec
Frequency Bands
100 to 150 kHz (125 kHz nominal) 13.56 MHz
EM4100 Memory Structure
64 bits (9 header bits, 40 customer/ID bits, 15 parity/stop bits)
T5577 Memory Capacity
330 bits (10 blocks of 33 bits EEPROM)
Modulation Schemes Supported
Manchester, Biphase, FSK, PSK
Data Rates (Typical)
RF/64, RF/32, RF/16 clock divisors
Cryptographic Protection
None (Plaintext transmission)
Standard Parts
Part 1 (Physical), Part 2 (RF/Signal), Part 3 (Initialization/Anticollision), Part 4 (T=CL Protocol)
Nominal Operating Range
Up to 10 cm
Data Transfer Rates
106, 212, 424, and 848 kbps
Type A Modulation
100% ASK with Modified Miller Coding
Type B Modulation
10% ASK with NRZ Coding
Primary Applications
EMV contactless credit cards, biometric ePassports (ICAO 9303), national eID cards