Wireless Technologies

Short-range wireless personal area network (WPAN) specifications maintained by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), detailing Classic BR/EDR, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), LE Audio, and Channel Sounding.

Bluetooth 5 • Bluetooth Channel Sounding • Bluetooth Classic • Bluetooth LE Audio • Bluetooth Low Energy

Generational mobile telecommunications standards developed by 3GPP and the ITU, spanning 2G digital telephony through 5G New Radio and 6G terahertz research.

2G (GSM) • 3G (UMTS) • 4G (LTE) • 5G (NR) • 6G

Short-range optical infrared, visible light communication, and high-frequency pulse radio standards used for consumer remote control, serial data transfer, high-security networking, and centimeter-accurate spatial tracking.

Consumer Infrared (CIR) • IrDA • Li-Fi • Ultra-Wideband (UWB)

Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) protocols engineered for multi-kilometer transmission range, multi-year battery life, and low-throughput machine-to-machine telemetry.

Amazon Sidewalk • LoRa & LoRaWAN • LTE-M • NB-IoT • Sigfox

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and contactless smart card standards operating across LF (125 kHz), HF (13.56 MHz), and UHF (860–960 MHz) bands, used for access control, automated transit ticketing, biometric passports, and supply chain tracking.

Calypso • EM4100 & T5577 • FeliCa • HID Prox & iCLASS • ISO/IEC 14443 • ISO/IEC 15693 • MIFARE • NFC Forum Tag Types • RAIN RFID / EPC Gen2

Low-power mesh, star, and energy-harvesting wireless protocols used in residential smart home ecosystems, building automation, and fitness sensor networks.

ANT+ • EnOcean • Matter • Thread • Z-Wave • Zigbee

Inductive and magnetic resonant wireless power delivery standards governed by the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) and proprietary smartphone fast-charging protocols.

Fast Wireless • MagSafe • Qi & Qi2