# item.guide
Side-by-Side Comparison Food Additives & E-Numbers

E100: Curcumin (Turmeric Yellow Color) vs. E422: Glycerol (Glycerin Humectant & Solvent)

Comparing 2 standards across 9 specifications. 9 key differences identified.

Comparing:
E100: Curcumin (Turmeric Yellow Color)
E422: Glycerol (Glycerin Humectant & Solvent)
E100: Curcumin (Turmeric Yellow Color) →

E100 (Curcumin) is a natural diarylheptanoid yellow pigment extracted from the rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa). INS 100(i), ADI is 3 mg/kg bw/day, providing bright yellow-orange coloration in mustard, cheese, and curry powders.

View full E100: Curcumin (Turmeric Yellow Color) spec sheet →
E422: Glycerol (Glycerin Humectant & Solvent) →

E422 (Glycerol / Glycerin) is a sweet, viscous trihydroxy alcohol (polyol) obtained via lipid hydrolysis. INS 422, ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), acting as an essential humectant, moisture retainer, and freeze-point depressant in baked goods and icings.

View full E422: Glycerol (Glycerin Humectant & Solvent) spec sheet →

Specification Comparison Table

9 Parameters
Parameter / Spec
E100: Curcumin (Turmeric Yellow Color)
E422: Glycerol (Glycerin Humectant & Solvent)
E-Number Code
E100 E422
INS / Codex Number
INS 100(i) INS 422
Functional Class
Food Color (Yellow-Orange) Humectant, Solvent, Sweetener, Bodying Agent
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
3 mg / kg body weight per day Not Limited (Quantum Satis)
Chemical Formula
C21H20O6 C3H8O3 (Propane-1,2,3-triol)
Primary Mechanism
Light absorption at 420–430nm producing vibrant golden-yellow hue; polyphenol antioxidant activity Strongly hygroscopic triol binds water molecules, lowering water activity (aw) and preventing staling
Common Target Foods
Prepared mustard, curry seasonings, margarine, cheese rinds, confectionery Fondant icings, soft-baked cookies, energy bars, cake sponges, liqueur bodying
Dietary Compliance
100% Vegan (Turmeric root extraction), Halal, Kosher Certified Vegan (When derived from plant fats), Halal, Kosher
Safety Approval
EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 73.600) EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1320)

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