# item.guide
Side-by-Side Comparison Essential Vitamins & Minerals

Sodium (Elemental Na) vs. Vitamin C (L-Ascorbic Acid)

Comparing 2 standards across 11 specifications. 11 key differences identified.

Comparing:
Sodium (Elemental Na)
Vitamin C (L-Ascorbic Acid)

Sodium is the principal extracellular cation (135–145 mEq/L extracellular), maintaining extracellular fluid volume, plasma osmolality, and driving secondary active transport. Adequate Intake (AI) is 1,500 mg/day, with a Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) limit of 2,300 mg/day.

View full Sodium (Elemental Na) spec sheet →

Vitamin C is a water-soluble electron donor and antioxidant essential for collagen proline/lysine hydroxylation, non-heme iron absorption, and immune phagocyte function. Adult RDA is 90mg (men) / 75mg (women), with a Tolerable Upper Limit of 2,000mg/day.

View full Vitamin C (L-Ascorbic Acid) spec sheet →

Specification Comparison Table

11 Parameters
Parameter / Spec
Nutrient Type
Essential Macromineral / Major Extracellular Electrolyte Water-Soluble Vitamin
Chemical Forms
Sodium Chloride (NaCl, 39.3% Na by weight), Monosodium Glutamate (MSG, 12.3% Na), Sodium Bicarbonate (27.4% Na) L-Ascorbic Acid, Sodium Ascorbate, Calcium Ascorbate
Primary Biological Function
Extracellular fluid osmolality maintenance, Blood pressure / volume homeostasis, Action potential depolarization (voltage-gated Na+ channels), SGLT1 glucose cotransport Prolyl/Lysyl Hydroxylase cofactor (Collagen), ROS scavenger, Carnitine synthesis
Deficiency Condition
Hyponatremia (Serum Na+ < 135 mmol/L): Cerebral edema, Nausea, Muscle cramps, Seizures, Coma (often exercise-associated from over-hydration) Scurvy (Collagen breakdown, capillary fragility, impaired wound healing)
Top Whole Food Sources
Table Salt (NaCl), Cured Bacon, Soy Sauce, Parmigiano-Reggiano, Pickles, Olives, Bread (Processed food accounts for 70% of intake) Red Bell Pepper, Strawberries, Citrus, Kiwi, Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts
Adult Adequate Intake (AI)
1,500 mg / day (Equal to 3.8 g table salt NaCl)
Chronic Disease Limit (CDRR)
2,300 mg / day (Equal to 5.8 g table salt / 1 level teaspoon)
Renal Renin-Angiotensin System
Juxtaglomerular apparatus senses low tubular sodium/pressure, secreting renin to stimulate aldosterone and renal Na+ reabsorption
Adult RDA / RDI
90 mg (Men) / 75 mg (Women) (+35mg for smokers)
Tolerable Upper Limit (UL)
2,000 mg / day (Avoid osmotic diarrhea)
Thermolability
Highly heat- and oxygen-sensitive (degrades rapidly with prolonged boiling)