Side-by-Side Comparison
Food Additives & E-Numbers
E101: Riboflavin (Vitamin B2 Yellow Color) vs. E965: Maltitol (Sugar Alcohol / 90% Sweetness)
Comparing 2 standards across 12 specifications. 12 key differences identified.
Comparing:
E101: Riboflavin (Vitamin B2 Yellow Color)
E965: Maltitol (Sugar Alcohol / 90% Sweetness)
E101 (Riboflavin / Vitamin B2) is an authorized yellow food colorant and essential micronutrient produced via microbial fermentation of Ashbya gossypii. INS 101(i), ADI is 0.5 mg/kg bw/day, commonly used to fortify cereals and color sauces.
E965 (Maltitol) is a disaccharide polyol sugar alcohol produced by hydrogenation of maltose derived from cornstarch. INS 965(i), ADI is Not Specified (Excessive consumption may have laxative effect), delivering 90% the sweetness of sugar with 2.1 kcal/g.
Specification Comparison Table
12 Parameters| Parameter / Spec | ||
|---|---|---|
|
E-Number Code
|
E101 | E965 |
|
INS / Codex Number
|
INS 101(i) | INS 965(i) (Powder) / 965(ii) (Syrup) |
|
Functional Class
|
Food Color (Yellow-Orange), Nutrient Fortificant | Bulk Sweetener, Humectant, Texturizer |
|
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
|
0.5 mg / kg body weight per day | Not Specified (Quantum Satis / Laxative warning required) |
|
Common Target Foods
|
Fortified breakfast cereals, baby foods, pasta, dairy desserts, energy drinks | Sugar-free chocolates, sugar-free gummy bears, baked bars, chewing gum |
|
Dietary Compliance
|
100% Vegan (Microbial fermentation), Halal, Kosher | Vegan (Cornstarch origin), Halal, Kosher, Non-cariogenic |
|
Safety Approval
|
EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 73.450) | EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1444) |
|
Chemical Formula
|
C17H20N4O6 | — |
|
Primary Mechanism
|
Yellow chromophore acting as precursor to flavin coenzymes (FAD/FMN) | — |
|
Relative Sweetness Index
|
— | 90% Sucrose |
|
Caloric Value
|
— | 2.1 kcal / g (47% fewer calories than sugar) kcal/g |
|
Glycemic Index (GI)
|
— | 35 (Maltitol powder) / 52 (Maltitol syrup) |
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