EV Charging

CCS Combo 1 (standardized under SAE J1772 and IEC 62196-3) combines the upper 5-pin J1772 AC inlet with two large dedicated DC power pins below into a single vehicle inlet. Enabling DC fast-charging up to 350 kW (500A @ 1000V DC) using High-Level Communication (HLC) over HomePlug Green PHY Power Line Communication (PLC).

CCS Combo 2 (standardized under IEC 62196-3 and mandated across the European Union) combines the upper 7-pin Type 2 Mennekes inlet with two heavy DC power pins below. Supporting up to 350 kW to 500 kW DC fast-charging (500A @ 1000V DC) alongside native 3-phase AC charging, it is the dominant global fast-charging standard outside North America.

CHAdeMO (standardized under JEVS G105 and IEC 62196-3, developed in Japan by TEPCO, Nissan, Mitsubishi, and Subaru in 2010) is the pioneer DC fast-charging connector. Featuring a 10-pin circular plug with dedicated CAN-bus vehicle communication and full hardware-level Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) bi-directional power discharge capability.

SAE J3400 (originally designed by Tesla as the proprietary Tesla Connector and published in 2023 by SAE International as the North American Charging Standard / NACS) is an ultra-compact unified connector utilizing two primary conductors for both single-phase AC charging (up to 48A / 11.5 kW) and high-power DC fast charging (up to 1000V / 500A+ / 350+ kW). Adopted by virtually all major automakers across North America.

The SAE J1772 Connector (standardized as IEC 62196 Type 1, commonly called the J-Plug) is the standard single-phase AC charging interface for electric vehicles across North America and Japan. Featuring a 5-pin circular plug layout with an integrated mechanical top latch, it delivers Level 1 (120V / 16A / 1.9 kW) and Level 2 (208–240V / up to 80A / 19.2 kW) power.

The IEC 62196 Type 2 Connector (originally developed by Mennekes and mandated by the European Union under Directive 2014/94/EU) is the universal AC charging standard across Europe, the UK, Australia, and New Zealand. Featuring a 7-pin circular housing, it supports both single-phase (up to 7.4 kW) and 3-phase AC charging (up to 400V / 63A / 43.5 kW).