Side-by-Side Comparison
Essential Vitamins & Minerals
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid) vs. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate / PLP)
Comparing 2 standards across 10 specifications. 10 key differences identified.
Comparing:
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate / PLP)
Vitamin B5 is an essential water-soluble vitamin required for the synthesis of Coenzyme A (CoA) and acyl carrier protein (ACP), vital in fatty acid synthesis and beta-oxidation. Adequate Intake (AI) is 5.0 mg/day (no Upper Limit established).
Vitamin B6 is a water-soluble pyridine vitamin acting via its active coenzyme Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate (PLP) in over 140 amino acid decarboxylation, transamination, and neurotransmitter synthesis reactions. Adult RDA is 1.3–1.7 mg, with a Tolerable Upper Limit of 100 mg/day.
Specification Comparison Table
10 Parameters| Parameter / Spec | ||
|---|---|---|
|
Nutrient Type
|
Water-Soluble Amide Vitamin | Water-Soluble Pyridine Vitamin |
|
Tolerable Upper Limit (UL)
|
None Established (Extremely low toxicity) | 100 mg / day (US FDA/NIH) / 12 mg / day (EFSA, revised down from 25mg in 2023) (Avoid sensory peripheral neuropathy) |
|
Chemical Forms
|
D-Pantothenic Acid, Calcium Pantothenate (Stable synthetic), Pantethine (Active dimer) | Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate (PLP, active coenzyme), Pyridoxine HCl, Pyridoxamine |
|
Primary Biological Function
|
Coenzyme A (CoA) backbone (Acetyl-CoA, Succinyl-CoA), Acyl Carrier Protein in fatty acid synthase, Steroid hormone synthesis | Transamination / deamination of amino acids, Serotonin / Dopamine / GABA synthesis from amino acids, Glycogen phosphorylase cofactor, Heme synthesis |
|
Deficiency Condition
|
Extremely rare ('Pantothen' = everywhere in foods); 'Burning Feet' syndrome (paresthesia), fatigue | Microcytic sideroblastic anemia, Seborrheic dermatitis, Cheilosis, Peripheral neuropathy, Convulsions |
|
Top Whole Food Sources
|
Shiitake Mushrooms, Beef Liver, Chicken Liver, Sunflower Seeds, Egg Yolk, Hass Avocado, Whole Milk | Chickpeas, Wild Salmon, Yellowfin Tuna, Beef Liver, Chicken Breast, Russet Potatoes, Bananas |
|
Adult Adequate Intake (AI)
|
5.0 mg / day (6.0mg pregnancy, 7.0mg lactation) | — |
|
Thermal Processing Losses
|
20–50% lost during meat canning, boiling, and flour milling refining | — |
|
Adult RDA / RDI
|
— | 1.3 mg / day (Adults 19–50) / 1.7 mg (Men 51+) / 1.5 mg (Women 51+) |
|
Neurotoxicity Threshold
|
— | Chronic megadosing of Pyridoxine HCl (>200–500mg/day) causes reversible sensory neuropathy due to competitive inhibition of tissue PLP |
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