HDMI 1.4 vs. VGA

HDMI 1.4, released in 2009, added the HDMI Ethernet Channel, Audio Return Channel (ARC), and stereoscopic 3D video support, plus a 4K mode -- but capped at 24-30Hz, since bandwidth stayed at 10.2 Gbps. The even smaller Type D Micro connector was also introduced.

VGA (Video Graphics Array) uses a 15-pin DE-15 D-subminiature connector, introduced by IBM in 1987 alongside the original PS/2 computer. As a purely analog standard with no enforced resolution ceiling, its practical maximum depends on cable and DAC quality, though 2048x1536 @ 85Hz is commonly cited as a practical limit.