# item.guide
Side-by-Side Comparison Food Additives & E-Numbers

E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E631: Disodium Inosinate (IMP Meat Umami Synergist)

Comparing 2 standards across 16 specifications. 16 key differences identified.

Comparing:
E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener)
E631: Disodium Inosinate (IMP Meat Umami Synergist)

Xanthan gum (E415) is a high-molecular-weight microbial exopolysaccharide produced by Xanthomonas campestris fermentation, renowned for extreme pseudoplastic shear-thinning rheology, freeze-thaw stability, and gluten-free dough structural binding.

View full E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) spec sheet →

E631 (Disodium 5'-Inosinate / IMP) is the sodium salt of inosinic acid, a purine nucleotide naturally found in aged beef, katsuobushi bonito flakes, and cured meats. INS 631, ADI is Not Specified, multiplying glutamate umami flavor.

View full E631: Disodium Inosinate (IMP Meat Umami Synergist) spec sheet →

Specification Comparison Table

16 Parameters
Parameter / Spec
INS / E-Number
INS 415 / E415
Polymer Structure
Cellulose β-(1,4)-D-glucan backbone with trisaccharide side chains (mannose-glucuronic acid-mannose)
Molecular Weight
2.0 × 10⁶ to 5.0 × 10⁶ Da (2–5 MDa)
Rheological Behavior
Extreme Pseudoplasticity (Shear-thinning index n ≈ 0.15–0.25)
Yield Stress
High at rest (suspends dense particulates like herbs in salad dressing permanently)
Thermal Stability
Maintains constant viscosity from 0°C to 100°C across pH 2.0 to 12.0
Synergistic Gelation
Forms thermo-reversible firm gels when blended with Locust Bean Gum (E410) or Guar Gum (E412)
E-Number Code
E631
INS / Codex Number
INS 631
Functional Class
Flavor Enhancer (Meat Purine Umami Synergist)
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
Not Specified (Quantum Satis)
Chemical Formula
C10H11N4Na2O8P · xH2O
Primary Mechanism
Allosteric conformational stabilizer of human T1R1/T1R3 G-protein umami receptor heterodimer
Common Target Foods
Instant soups, meat seasonings, potato chips, canned meat gravies, cured snacks
Dietary Compliance
Vegan (Bacterial Corynebacterium fermentation standard), Halal, Kosher
Safety Approval
EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 172.535)

Other Alternatives to Compare

Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E100: Curcumin (Turmeric Yellow Color) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E101: Riboflavin (Vitamin B2 Yellow Color) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E140: Chlorophyll & Chlorophyllins (Green Color) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E150a: Plain Caramel (Class I Caramel Color) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E150d: Sulfite Ammonia Caramel (Class IV Caramel) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E160a: Beta-Carotene (Provitamin A Orange Color) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E160c: Paprika Extract (Capsanthin / Capsorubin) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E162: Beetroot Red (Betanin) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E163: Anthocyanins (Grape Skin & Berry Red/Purple) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E200: Sorbic Acid (Antifungal Preservative) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E202: Potassium Sorbate (Soluble Antimicrobial) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E211: Sodium Benzoate (Acid Beverage Preservative) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E224: Potassium Metabisulfite (Campden Salt) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E250: Sodium Nitrite (Curing Salt / Anti-Botulism Preservative) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E251: Sodium Nitrate (Chile Saltpeter / Slow Curing) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E260: Acetic Acid (Vinegar Acidulant / Preservative) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E270: Lactic Acid (Biological Acidulant) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E282: Calcium Propionate (Bread Anti-Mold) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E290: Carbon Dioxide (Carbonation & MAP Gas) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E300: L-Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C Antioxidant & Flour Improver) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E306: Tocopherol-Rich Extract (Natural Vitamin E Antioxidant) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E322: Lecithin (Phospholipid Emulsifier & Viscosity Reducer) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E330: Citric Acid (Universal Acidulant / Chelator) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E334: L-Tartaric Acid (Wine & Baking Acidulant) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E338: Phosphoric Acid (Cola Acidulant) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E406: Agar-Agar (Seaweed Hydrocolloid Gel) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E407: Carrageenan (Dairy Stabilizer Hydrocolloid) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E410: Locust Bean Gum (Carob Bean Gum / LBG) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E412: Guar Gum (Cold-Soluble Galactomannan) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E414: Gum Arabic (Acacia Gum Emulsifier) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E422: Glycerol (Glycerin Humectant & Solvent) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E440: Pectin (Citrus & Apple Jam Gelling Fiber) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E460: Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC / Dietary Bulking) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E471: Mono- & Diglycerides of Fatty Acids (Bread Softener) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E500: Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda / Ins 500ii) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E501: Potassium Carbonate (Potash / Alkaline Noodle Salt) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E503: Ammonium Bicarbonate (Baker's Ammonia / Hartshorn) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E509: Calcium Chloride (Firming Agent / Cheese Salt) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E621: Monosodium Glutamate (MSG / Umami Flavor Enhancer) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E627: Disodium Guanylate (GMP Umami Synergist) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E635: Disodium 5'-Ribonucleotides (I+G Blend) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E950: Acesulfame Potassium (Ace-K / 200x Sweetener) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E951: Aspartame (Dipeptide Sweetener / 200x) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E955: Sucralose (Splenda / 600x Heat-Stable Sweetener) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E960: Steviol Glycosides (Reb-A / Stevia Extract) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E965: Maltitol (Sugar Alcohol / 90% Sweetness) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E967: Xylitol (Birch Sugar / Dental Caries Inhibitor) → Compare E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) vs. E968: Erythritol (Zero-Calorie Fermented Polyol) →