Side-by-Side Comparison
Food Additives & E-Numbers
E412: Guar Gum (Cold-Soluble Galactomannan) vs. E968: Erythritol (Zero-Calorie Fermented Polyol)
Comparing 2 standards across 12 specifications. 12 key differences identified.
Comparing:
E412: Guar Gum (Cold-Soluble Galactomannan)
E968: Erythritol (Zero-Calorie Fermented Polyol)
E412 (Guar Gum) is a natural galactomannan hydrocolloid extracted from guar beans (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba). INS 412, ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), boasting 8x the thickening power of cornstarch and hydrating completely in cold water.
E968 (Erythritol) is a four-carbon polyol produced by microbial fermentation of glucose by Moniliella pollinis. INS 968, ADI is Not Specified, delivering 70% the sweetness of sucrose with 0.0–0.2 kcal/g, zero GI, and 90% urinary excretion avoiding digestive distress.
Specification Comparison Table
12 Parameters| Parameter / Spec | ||
|---|---|---|
|
E-Number Code
|
E412 | E968 |
|
INS / Codex Number
|
INS 412 | INS 968 |
|
Functional Class
|
Thickener, Emulsion Stabilizer, Dietary Fiber | Non-Nutritive Bulk Sweetener, Flavor Enhancer, Humectant |
|
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
|
Not Limited (Quantum Satis) | Not Specified (Highest digestive tolerance among all polyols: 0.66–0.80 g/kg bw) |
|
Common Target Foods
|
Gluten-free baked goods, salad dressings, ice creams, sauces, instant soup powders | Keto baked goods, monk fruit/stevia blends (Swerve), zero-sugar confectionery |
|
Dietary Compliance
|
100% Vegan (Guar bean seed endosperm), Halal, Kosher, Non-GMO | 100% Vegan (Yeast fermentation of corn glucose), Halal, Kosher, Non-GMO |
|
Safety Approval
|
EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1339) | EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (GRN 76) |
|
Mannose to Galactose Ratio
|
2 : 1 (High galactose substitution enables instant cold water solubility) | — |
|
Primary Mechanism
|
Entangles water molecules via extensive hydrogen bonding, producing high viscosity at low shear | — |
|
Relative Sweetness Index
|
— | 70% Sucrose |
|
Caloric Value
|
— | 0.2 kcal / g (Legal EU/US: 0.0 kcal / g) kcal/g |
|
Glycemic Index (GI)
|
— | 0 (Zero effect on blood glucose or insulin levels) |
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