Side-by-Side Comparison
Food Additives & E-Numbers
E270: Lactic Acid (Biological Acidulant) vs. E290: Carbon Dioxide (Carbonation & MAP Gas)
Comparing 2 standards across 9 specifications. 8 key differences identified.
Comparing:
E270: Lactic Acid (Biological Acidulant)
E290: Carbon Dioxide (Carbonation & MAP Gas)
E270 (L-Lactic Acid) is a natural alpha-hydroxy acid produced by fermentation of carbohydrates by lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus). INS 270, ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), imparting a smooth, mild sour taste in dairy, beers, and bakery sourdoughs.
E290 (Carbon Dioxide / CO2) is an authorized food additive functioning as a carbonating gas, modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) preservative, and cryogenic freezing propellant. INS 290, ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis).
Specification Comparison Table
9 Parameters| Parameter / Spec | ||
|---|---|---|
|
E-Number Code
|
E270 | E290 |
|
INS / Codex Number
|
INS 270 | INS 290 |
|
Functional Class
|
Acidity Regulator, Preservative, Flavoring Agent | Carbonating Gas, Packaging Gas, Preservative, Propellant |
|
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
|
Not Limited (Quantum Satis) | Not Limited (Quantum Satis) |
|
Chemical Formula
|
C3H6O3 (2-hydroxypropanoic acid, pKa 3.86) | CO2 |
|
Primary Mechanism
|
Provides sustained buffering and mild tartness while suppressing spore-forming spoilage bacteria | Dissolves in water forming carbonic acid (H2CO3) for effervescence; displaces O2 in packaging to block aerobic mold growth |
|
Common Target Foods
|
Yogurt, sourdough breads, sour ales (Berliner Weisse), olives, confectionery, carcass rinses | Carbonated soft drinks, sparkling water, beer, champagne, MAP bagged salads, fresh meats |
|
Dietary Compliance
|
100% Vegan (Bacterial fermentation of beet/corn sugar), Halal, Kosher | 100% Vegan, Halal, Kosher |
|
Safety Approval
|
EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1061) | EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1240) |
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