# item.guide
Side-by-Side Comparison Food Additives & E-Numbers

E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E414: Gum Arabic (Acacia Gum Emulsifier)

Comparing 2 standards across 10 specifications. 9 key differences identified.

Comparing:
E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking)
E414: Gum Arabic (Acacia Gum Emulsifier)

E170 (Calcium Carbonate / CaCO3) is a fine mineral salt mined from limestone or precipitated synthetically. INS 170(i), ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), serving as a white surface colorant, acidity buffer, anti-caking agent, and calcium nutrient fortificant.

View full E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) spec sheet →

E414 (Gum Arabic / Acacia Gum) is a complex arabinogalactan-protein glycoprotein exudate harvested from Acacia senegal trees. INS 414, ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), the premier film-forming emulsifier for citrus beverage flavor oils.

View full E414: Gum Arabic (Acacia Gum Emulsifier) spec sheet →

Specification Comparison Table

10 Parameters
Parameter / Spec
E-Number Code
E170 E414
INS / Codex Number
INS 170(i) INS 414
Functional Class
Food Color (White / Opacifier), Anti-Caking, Acidity Regulator, Nutrient Emulsifier, Stabilizer, Encapsulating Agent, Prebiotic Fiber
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
Not Limited (Quantum Satis) Not Limited (Quantum Satis)
Primary Mechanism
High refractive index light scattering creating white opacity; neutralizes acids to calcium salts and CO2 Amphiphilic glycoprotein anchors hydrophobic oil droplets while polysaccharide branches project into water, preventing coalescence
Common Target Foods
Chewing gum coatings, plant milks (Soy/Almond calcium fortification), baking powders, tablets Citrus soft drinks (Suspends essential oils), gummy candies, confectionery pan coatings, flavor spray drying
Dietary Compliance
Vegan (Mineral limestone), Halal, Kosher 100% Vegan (Wild Acacia tree gum), Halal, Kosher
Safety Approval
EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1191) EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1330)
Chemical Formula
CaCO3
Chemical Structure
Arabinogalactan core covalently linked to hydroxyproline-rich peptide chains (~2% protein)

Other Alternatives to Compare

Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E100: Curcumin (Turmeric Yellow Color) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E101: Riboflavin (Vitamin B2 Yellow Color) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E140: Chlorophyll & Chlorophyllins (Green Color) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E150a: Plain Caramel (Class I Caramel Color) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E150d: Sulfite Ammonia Caramel (Class IV Caramel) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E160a: Beta-Carotene (Provitamin A Orange Color) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E160c: Paprika Extract (Capsanthin / Capsorubin) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E162: Beetroot Red (Betanin) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E163: Anthocyanins (Grape Skin & Berry Red/Purple) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E200: Sorbic Acid (Antifungal Preservative) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E202: Potassium Sorbate (Soluble Antimicrobial) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E211: Sodium Benzoate (Acid Beverage Preservative) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E224: Potassium Metabisulfite (Campden Salt) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E250: Sodium Nitrite (Curing Salt / Anti-Botulism Preservative) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E251: Sodium Nitrate (Chile Saltpeter / Slow Curing) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E260: Acetic Acid (Vinegar Acidulant / Preservative) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E270: Lactic Acid (Biological Acidulant) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E282: Calcium Propionate (Bread Anti-Mold) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E290: Carbon Dioxide (Carbonation & MAP Gas) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E300: L-Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C Antioxidant & Flour Improver) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E306: Tocopherol-Rich Extract (Natural Vitamin E Antioxidant) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E322: Lecithin (Phospholipid Emulsifier & Viscosity Reducer) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E330: Citric Acid (Universal Acidulant / Chelator) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E334: L-Tartaric Acid (Wine & Baking Acidulant) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E338: Phosphoric Acid (Cola Acidulant) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E406: Agar-Agar (Seaweed Hydrocolloid Gel) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E407: Carrageenan (Dairy Stabilizer Hydrocolloid) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E410: Locust Bean Gum (Carob Bean Gum / LBG) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E412: Guar Gum (Cold-Soluble Galactomannan) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E422: Glycerol (Glycerin Humectant & Solvent) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E440: Pectin (Citrus & Apple Jam Gelling Fiber) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E460: Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC / Dietary Bulking) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E471: Mono- & Diglycerides of Fatty Acids (Bread Softener) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E500: Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda / Ins 500ii) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E501: Potassium Carbonate (Potash / Alkaline Noodle Salt) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E503: Ammonium Bicarbonate (Baker's Ammonia / Hartshorn) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E509: Calcium Chloride (Firming Agent / Cheese Salt) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E621: Monosodium Glutamate (MSG / Umami Flavor Enhancer) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E627: Disodium Guanylate (GMP Umami Synergist) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E631: Disodium Inosinate (IMP Meat Umami Synergist) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E635: Disodium 5'-Ribonucleotides (I+G Blend) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E950: Acesulfame Potassium (Ace-K / 200x Sweetener) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E951: Aspartame (Dipeptide Sweetener / 200x) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E955: Sucralose (Splenda / 600x Heat-Stable Sweetener) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E960: Steviol Glycosides (Reb-A / Stevia Extract) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E965: Maltitol (Sugar Alcohol / 90% Sweetness) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E967: Xylitol (Birch Sugar / Dental Caries Inhibitor) → Compare E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) vs. E968: Erythritol (Zero-Calorie Fermented Polyol) →