# item.guide
Side-by-Side Comparison Exposure & Optics

Color Temperature & White Balance vs. T-Stop

Comparing 2 standards across 12 specifications. 12 key differences identified.

Comparing:
Color Temperature & White Balance
T-Stop

Color Temperature (measured in Kelvin / K, standardized under CIE illuminant standards) defines the spectral chromaticity of light emitted by an idealized black-body radiator. Governing camera white balance, it ranges from warm Candlelight (1800K) and Tungsten Studio (3200K) through Photographic Daylight (5600K / CIE D55) to Overcast Sky (6500K / CIE D65) and Deep Blue Shade (8000K–10000K).

View full Color Temperature & White Balance spec sheet →

The T-Stop (Transmission Stop, standardized under ISO 517 for cinematography) is a photometric measurement of a lens's true light transmission (T = f / √Transmittance), correcting the theoretical geometric f-stop for physical light lost to glass reflection and optical element absorption. Standardized across all cine primes (Cooke, ARRI, Zeiss, Angénieux).

View full T-Stop spec sheet →

Specification Comparison Table

12 Parameters
Parameter / Spec
Tungsten / Halogen Standard
3200 K (Standard interior film incandescent / studio tungsten quartz lighting)
Commercial Warm White Home Lighting
2700 K to 3000 K (Warm ambient household LEDs and Edison bulbs)
Direct Sunlight / Flash Standard
5500 K to 5600 K (Standard photographic electronic flash and noon direct sunlight)
CIE Standard Illuminant D65
6504 K (Standard average daylight definition, sRGB / Rec.709 / Display P3 monitor white point)
Overcast Sky & Open Shade
6500 K to 8000 K (Cool blue-tinted indirect atmospheric skylight)
Mired Shift Calculation
Mired = 1,000,000 / Kelvin (Used for precise optical color temperature warming/cooling filters)
Tint Tint Scale (Green / Magenta)
Orthogonal CC tint axis (corrects for fluorescent mercury gas spikes and green LED CRI spikes)
Mathematical Formula
T-Number = F-Number / √(Transmittance Percentage as a decimal)
Physical Meaning
A lens set to T2.8 transmits the exact same photometric illumination to the sensor as an ideal 100% transparent lens at f/2.8
Complex Zoom Glass Loss
A 18-element zoom marked f/2.8 with 80% transmission has an actual transmission rating of T3.1 (0.3 stops darker than f/2.8)
Cinema Iris Ring Markings
Marked strictly in T-stops with linear mechanical spacing and clickless 0.8 MOD gears for follow focus rigs
Shot-to-Shot Matching
Switching from a 24mm wide lens to a 85mm telephoto on a movie set, both set to T2.8, is designed to hold exposure and luminance effectively constant across the cut