Side-by-Side Comparison
Food Additives & E-Numbers
E503: Ammonium Bicarbonate (Baker's Ammonia / Hartshorn) vs. E965: Maltitol (Sugar Alcohol / 90% Sweetness)
Comparing 2 standards across 12 specifications. 12 key differences identified.
Comparing:
E503: Ammonium Bicarbonate (Baker's Ammonia / Hartshorn)
E965: Maltitol (Sugar Alcohol / 90% Sweetness)
E503 (Ammonium Bicarbonate / (NH4)HCO3) is a historic chemical leavening salt. INS 503(ii), ADI is Not Limited (Quantum Satis), decomposing 100% into gaseous CO2, ammonia, and water at temperatures >60°C to create ultra-crisp, airy crackers and cookies.
E965 (Maltitol) is a disaccharide polyol sugar alcohol produced by hydrogenation of maltose derived from cornstarch. INS 965(i), ADI is Not Specified (Excessive consumption may have laxative effect), delivering 90% the sweetness of sugar with 2.1 kcal/g.
Specification Comparison Table
12 Parameters| Parameter / Spec | ||
|---|---|---|
|
E-Number Code
|
E503 | E965 |
|
INS / Codex Number
|
INS 503(ii) | INS 965(i) (Powder) / 965(ii) (Syrup) |
|
Functional Class
|
Raising Agent, Acidity Regulator | Bulk Sweetener, Humectant, Texturizer |
|
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
|
Not Limited (Quantum Satis) | Not Specified (Quantum Satis / Laxative warning required) |
|
Common Target Foods
|
Thin crispy crackers, Italian biscotti, Greek koulourakia, sugar wafer shells | Sugar-free chocolates, sugar-free gummy bears, baked bars, chewing gum |
|
Dietary Compliance
|
Vegan (Mineral synthesis), Halal, Kosher | Vegan (Cornstarch origin), Halal, Kosher, Non-cariogenic |
|
Safety Approval
|
EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1137) | EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1444) |
|
Chemical Formula
|
(NH4)HCO3 | — |
|
Primary Mechanism
|
Thermal decomposition leaves zero residual water or alkali salts: (NH4)HCO3 -> NH3(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(g) | — |
|
Relative Sweetness Index
|
— | 90% Sucrose |
|
Caloric Value
|
— | 2.1 kcal / g (47% fewer calories than sugar) kcal/g |
|
Glycemic Index (GI)
|
— | 35 (Maltitol powder) / 52 (Maltitol syrup) |
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