Side-by-Side Comparison
Food Additives & E-Numbers
E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E334: L-Tartaric Acid (Wine & Baking Acidulant)
Comparing 2 standards across 9 specifications. 9 key differences identified.
Comparing:
E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative)
E334: L-Tartaric Acid (Wine & Baking Acidulant)
E220 (Sulfur Dioxide / SO2) is an inorganic gas dissolved in water to generate bisulfite and sulfite ions, providing potent antimicrobial and polyphenol oxidase enzyme-inhibiting properties. INS 220, group ADI is 0.7 mg/kg bw/day.
E334 (L(+)-Tartaric Acid) is a dicarboxylic organic acid recovered as potassium bitartrate by-product from wine barrels. INS 334, ADI has historically been set at up to 20 mg/kg bw/day by JECFA, delivering a sharp, lingering tartness in candies, soft drinks, and baking powders.
Specification Comparison Table
9 Parameters| Parameter / Spec | ||
|---|---|---|
|
E-Number Code
|
E220 | E334 |
|
INS / Codex Number
|
INS 220 | INS 334 |
|
Functional Class
|
Preservative, Antioxidant, Enzymatic Browning Inhibitor | Acidity Regulator, Acidulant, Synergist for Antioxidants |
|
Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI)
|
0.7 mg / kg body weight per day (as SO2 equivalent) | Historically up to 20 mg / kg body weight per day (JECFA: 0–6 mg/kg unconditional + 6–20 mg/kg conditional acceptance) |
|
Chemical Formula
|
SO2 | C4H6O6 (2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid) |
|
Primary Mechanism
|
Molecular SO2 penetrates microbial membranes; bisulfite (HSO3-) cleaves disulfide bonds in enzymes and binds acetaldehyde | Stronger sourness profile than citric acid (pKa1 2.98), stimulating salivation and activating baking soda |
|
Common Target Foods
|
Wines (Contains sulfites declaration >10mg/L), dried apricots, ciders, potato starch | Hard sour candies, baking powder (Cream of tartar), grape beverages, wine adjustment |
|
Dietary Compliance
|
Vegan, Halal, Kosher, Major Allergen Declaration Mandatory | 100% Vegan (Wine by-product), Halal, Kosher |
|
Safety Approval
|
EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 182.3862 - Banned on raw produce) | EFSA Authorized / FDA GRAS (21 CFR 184.1099) |
Other Alternatives to Compare
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E100: Curcumin (Turmeric Yellow Color) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E101: Riboflavin (Vitamin B2 Yellow Color) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E140: Chlorophyll & Chlorophyllins (Green Color) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E150a: Plain Caramel (Class I Caramel Color) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E150d: Sulfite Ammonia Caramel (Class IV Caramel) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E160a: Beta-Carotene (Provitamin A Orange Color) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E160c: Paprika Extract (Capsanthin / Capsorubin) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E162: Beetroot Red (Betanin) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E163: Anthocyanins (Grape Skin & Berry Red/Purple) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E170: Calcium Carbonate (Mineral White Color / Anti-Caking) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E200: Sorbic Acid (Antifungal Preservative) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E202: Potassium Sorbate (Soluble Antimicrobial) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E211: Sodium Benzoate (Acid Beverage Preservative) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E224: Potassium Metabisulfite (Campden Salt) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E250: Sodium Nitrite (Curing Salt / Anti-Botulism Preservative) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E251: Sodium Nitrate (Chile Saltpeter / Slow Curing) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E260: Acetic Acid (Vinegar Acidulant / Preservative) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E270: Lactic Acid (Biological Acidulant) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E282: Calcium Propionate (Bread Anti-Mold) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E290: Carbon Dioxide (Carbonation & MAP Gas) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E300: L-Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C Antioxidant & Flour Improver) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E306: Tocopherol-Rich Extract (Natural Vitamin E Antioxidant) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E322: Lecithin (Phospholipid Emulsifier & Viscosity Reducer) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E330: Citric Acid (Universal Acidulant / Chelator) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E338: Phosphoric Acid (Cola Acidulant) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E406: Agar-Agar (Seaweed Hydrocolloid Gel) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E407: Carrageenan (Dairy Stabilizer Hydrocolloid) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E410: Locust Bean Gum (Carob Bean Gum / LBG) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E412: Guar Gum (Cold-Soluble Galactomannan) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E414: Gum Arabic (Acacia Gum Emulsifier) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E415: Xanthan Gum (Pseudoplastic Hydrocolloid Thickener) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E422: Glycerol (Glycerin Humectant & Solvent) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E440: Pectin (Citrus & Apple Jam Gelling Fiber) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E460: Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC / Dietary Bulking) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E471: Mono- & Diglycerides of Fatty Acids (Bread Softener) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E500: Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda / Ins 500ii) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E501: Potassium Carbonate (Potash / Alkaline Noodle Salt) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E503: Ammonium Bicarbonate (Baker's Ammonia / Hartshorn) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E509: Calcium Chloride (Firming Agent / Cheese Salt) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E621: Monosodium Glutamate (MSG / Umami Flavor Enhancer) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E627: Disodium Guanylate (GMP Umami Synergist) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E631: Disodium Inosinate (IMP Meat Umami Synergist) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E635: Disodium 5'-Ribonucleotides (I+G Blend) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E950: Acesulfame Potassium (Ace-K / 200x Sweetener) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E951: Aspartame (Dipeptide Sweetener / 200x) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E955: Sucralose (Splenda / 600x Heat-Stable Sweetener) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E960: Steviol Glycosides (Reb-A / Stevia Extract) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E965: Maltitol (Sugar Alcohol / 90% Sweetness) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E967: Xylitol (Birch Sugar / Dental Caries Inhibitor) →
Compare E220: Sulfur Dioxide (Antioxidant & Wine Preservative) vs. E968: Erythritol (Zero-Calorie Fermented Polyol) →